Liver \Liv"er\, n. [AS. lifer; akin to D. liver, G. leber, OHG.
lebara, Icel. lifr, Sw. lefver, and perh. to Gr. ? fat, E.
live, v.] (Anat.)
A very large glandular and vascular organ in the visceral
cavity of all vertebrates.
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Note: Most of the venous blood from the alimentary canal
passes through it on its way back to the heart; and it
secretes the bile, produces glycogen, and in other ways
changes the blood which passes through it. In man it is
situated immediately beneath the diaphragm and mainly
on the right side. See Bile, Digestive, and
Glycogen. The liver of invertebrate animals is
usually made up of c[ae]cal tubes, and differs
materially, in form and function, from that of
vertebrates.
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Floating liver. See Wandering liver, under Wandering.
Liver of antimony, Liver of sulphur. (Old Chem.) See
Hepar.
Liver brown, Liver color, the color of liver, a dark,
reddish brown.
Liver shark (Zool.), a very large shark (Cetorhinus
maximus), inhabiting the northern coasts both of Europe
and North America. It sometimes becomes forty feet in
length, being one of the largest sharks known; but it has
small simple teeth, and is not dangerous. It is captured
for the sake of its liver, which often yields several
barrels of oil. It has gill rakers, resembling whalebone,
by means of which it separates small animals from the sea
water. Called also basking shark, bone shark,
hoemother, homer, and sailfish; it is sometimes
referred to as whale shark, but that name is more
commonly used for the Rhincodon typus, which grows even
larger.
Liver spots, yellowish brown patches on the skin, or spots
of chloasma.
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Bone \Bone\ (b[=o]n; 110), n. [OE. bon, ban, AS. b[=a]n; akin to
Icel. bein, Sw. ben, Dan. & D. been, G. bein bone, leg; cf.
Icel. beinn straight.]
1. (Anat.) The hard, calcified tissue of the skeleton of
vertebrate animals, consisting very largely of calcium
carbonate, calcium phosphate, and gelatine; as, blood and
bone.
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Note: Even in the hardest parts of bone there are many minute
cavities containing living matter and connected by
minute canals, some of which connect with larger canals
through which blood vessels ramify.
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2. One of the pieces or parts of an animal skeleton; as, a
rib or a thigh bone; a bone of the arm or leg; also, any
fragment of bony substance. (pl.) The frame or skeleton of
the body.
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3. Anything made of bone, as a bobbin for weaving bone lace.
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4. pl. Two or four pieces of bone held between the fingers
and struck together to make a kind of music.
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5. pl. Dice.
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6. Whalebone; hence, a piece of whalebone or of steel for a
corset.
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7. Fig.: The framework of anything.
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A bone of contention, a subject of contention or dispute.
A bone to pick, something to investigate, or to busy one's
self about; a dispute to be settled (with some one).
Bone ash, the residue from calcined bones; -- used for
making cupels, and for cleaning jewelry.
Bone black (Chem.), the black, carbonaceous substance into
which bones are converted by calcination in close vessels;
-- called also animal charcoal. It is used as a
decolorizing material in filtering sirups, extracts, etc.,
and as a black pigment. See Ivory black, under Black.
Bone cave, a cave in which are found bones of extinct or
recent animals, mingled sometimes with the works and bones
of man. --Am. Cyc.
Bone dust, ground or pulverized bones, used as a
fertilizer.
Bone earth (Chem.), the earthy residuum after the
calcination of bone, consisting chiefly of phosphate of
calcium.
Bone lace, a lace made of linen thread, so called because
woven with bobbins of bone.
Bone oil, an oil obtained by heating bones (as in the
manufacture of bone black), and remarkable for containing
the nitrogenous bases, pyridine and quinoline, and their
derivatives; -- also called Dippel's oil.
Bone setter. Same as Bonesetter. See in the Vocabulary.
Bone shark (Zool.), the basking shark.
Bone spavin. See under Spavin.
Bone turquoise, fossil bone or tooth of a delicate blue
color, sometimes used as an imitation of true turquoise.
Bone whale (Zool.), a right whale.
To be upon the bones of, to attack. [Obs.]
To make no bones, to make no scruple; not to hesitate.
[Low]
To pick a bone with, to quarrel with, as dogs quarrel over
a bone; to settle a disagreement. [Colloq.]
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